/etc/default/grub: GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="intel_iommu=on iommu=pt modprobe.blacklist=nouveau,amdgpu,radeon" /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf: blacklist nouveau blacklist amdgpu blacklist radeon blacklist ohci-pci options nouveau modeset=0 options vfio_pci ids=10de:1b80,10de:10f0,1002:67ef,1002:aae0 CHANGE IDS TO THOSE OF THE GPU (lspci -nnk) set igpu in bios